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Ordinarily the engine starts easily with one or two pumps of the throttle in warm temperatures with the mixture full rich. If the engine is hot, turn the auxiliary fuel pump switch ON just prior to and during engine cranking to suppress possible vapor in the fuel line. Turn the auxiliary fuel pump switch OFF after the engine starts. In cooler weather, use of the primer will facilitate engine starting.
Weak intermittent firing followed by puffs of black smoke from the exhaust stack indicates overpriming or flooding. Excess fuel can be cleared from the combustion chambers by the following procedure: Set the mixture control full lean and the throttle full open; then crank the engine through several revolutions with the starter. Repeat the starting proce dure without any additional priming.
If the engine is underprimed (most likely in cold weather with a cold engine) it will not fire at all. Additional priming will be necessary for the next starting attempt.
If prolonged cranking is necessary, allow the starter motor to cool at frequent intervals, since excessive heat may damage the armature.
After starting, if the oil gage
does not begin to show pressure within 30 seconds in the summertime and about
twice that long in very cold weather, stop engine and investigate. Lack of oil
pressure can cause serious engine damage. After starting, avoid the use of
carburetor heat unless icing conditions prevail.
When taxiing, it is important that speed and use of brakes be held to a minimum and that all controls be utilized (see Taxiing Diagramligure 4- 2) to maintain directional control and balance.
The carburetor heat control knob should be pushed full in during all ground operations unless heat is absolutely necessary for smooth engine operation. When the knob is pulled out to the heat position, air entering the engine is not filtered.
Taxiing over loose gravel or cinders should be done at low engine speed to avoid abrasion and stone damage to the propeller tips.
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